Range Calculator

Find the spread between the largest and smallest values in a data set.

What the Range Calculator does

The range is the simplest measure of spread: largest minus smallest. It is easy to read but fragile, since a single extreme value dominates it. The interquartile range, covering the middle half of the data, is far more robust.

Formula

  • Range = Maximum − Minimum
  • Midrange = (Max + Min) ÷ 2

Inputs explained

InputUnitRequiredNotes
NumberstextYesSeparate values with commas, spaces or new lines.

How to use it

  1. Enter Numbers.
  2. Select Calculate.

Worked example

Daily temperatures of 12, 15, 19, 22 and 14 °C.

Numbers
12, 15, 19, 22, 14

Range = 22 − 12 = 10 °C.

Reading the result

  • The range uses only two values out of the whole data set, so it says nothing about how the rest are distributed.
  • It can only grow as more data arrives, which makes it unstable for comparing samples of different sizes.

Common mistakes

  • Treating the range as a measure of typical spread. One outlier sets it entirely.
  • Comparing ranges across data sets of different sizes, where the larger sample almost always shows the wider range.

Frequently asked questions

Why is the range a weak measure of spread?

It uses only two data points and ignores everything in between, so one typo or outlier can multiply it.

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