Bond Price Calculator
Calculate a bond price from its coupon, yield and time to maturity.
Please note: For information only, not investment advice. Projections assume constant rates; real markets fluctuate and capital is at risk.
What the Bond Price Calculator does
A bond is worth the present value of everything it will pay: a stream of coupons plus the face value at maturity, all discounted at the market yield. When yields rise, those future payments are discounted harder and the price falls.
Formula
Price = Σ (Coupon ÷ (1 + y/f)ᵗ) + Face ÷ (1 + y/f)ⁿCoupon per period = Face × Coupon rate ÷ FrequencyCurrent yield = Annual coupon ÷ Price
Inputs explained
| Input | Unit | Required | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Face (par) value | selected currency | Yes | Accepts more than 0. |
| Annual coupon rate | % | Yes | — |
| Yield to maturity | % | Yes | — |
| Years to maturity | number | Yes | Accepts more than 0, up to 100. |
| Coupon frequency | one of 3 options | Yes | — |
| Currency | one of 10 options | Optional | — |
How to use it
- Choose Coupon frequency and Currency.
- Enter Face (par) value, Annual coupon rate, Yield to maturity and Years to maturity.
- Select Calculate.
Worked example
A $1,000 bond with a 5% coupon paid semi-annually, 10 years to maturity, yielding 6%.
- Face
- 1000
- Coupon
- 5
- YTM
- 6
- Years
- 10
- Frequency
- Semi-annual
Price about $925.61 — a discount, because the 5% coupon is below the 6% market yield.
Frequently asked questions
Why do bond prices fall when interest rates rise?
Because new bonds offer higher coupons. An existing bond paying less must fall in price until its yield matches what the market now demands.
What is the difference between coupon rate and yield?
The coupon rate is fixed against face value. The yield reflects the return at the current market price, and the two only match when the bond trades at par.
Method and sources
Method. Present value of the coupon stream plus the redemption amount, each discounted at the yield entered for its own period.
Assumptions
- Coupons are paid on schedule at the stated frequency and the issuer does not default.
- One flat yield discounts every cash flow, rather than a term structure of different rates.
Limitations
- A single discount rate is a simplification; in practice each maturity carries its own rate, and a flat yield misprices bonds whose cash flows are spread unevenly.
- Embedded options are not modelled. A callable bond is worth less than this calculation shows, because the issuer will refinance when it suits them and not when it suits the holder.
- Accrued interest between coupon dates is excluded, so this is the clean price rather than what settles.